Their efficacy is suggested to be concentration-dependent. H 2O 2-based tooth whitening products are most frequently used in office 6, 22, 23. The inflammatory effects of tooth whitening products have also been studied however, the evidences gathered to date are controversial 9, 18, 19, 20, 21. The most commonly used whitening products are those containing hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) or carbamide peroxide at different concentrations (10–38%) 6.ĭespite the clinical efficacy of the in office whitening procedures 5, adverse effects have been described for their usage including dental sensitivity 6, 7, 8, soft tissue alterations 9, genotoxicity 10, 11, pulp damage 12, 13, citotoxicity 14, 15, 16, in addition to gingival irritation 6, 17. The techniques used for tooth whitening employ different whitening products which can be applied to the dental surface in varying concentrations and time of exposure 2, 3, 4, 5. This is due to the increased awareness on that, aesthetically, white and well aligned teeth are standards of an ideal smile 1. Tooth whitening is currently a widely performed procedure, especially in the dental office. As the inflammation caused by 35% H 2O 2 is longer, patients may benefit better from using lower concentrations of this bleaching product, as they may result in less tissue damage. Overall, H 2O 2-based products used in office promote inflammation irrespective of their concentration. This included time-dependent changes in NO levels and in the abundance of proteins associated with NO synthesis, oxidative stress, neutrophil regulation, nucleic acid damage, cell survival and/or tissue regeneration. H 2O 2-based whitening products promoted inflammation which was detected in GCF samples and lasted for longer following 35% H 2O 2 bleaching. A proteomic analysis of these samples was also performed. Therefore, H 2O 2 and nitric oxide (NO) levels were investigated in GCF samples obtained from patients undergoing dental bleaching with H 2O 2 at different concentrations, in a randomized, double-blind, split-mouth clinical trial. We hypothesize that H 2O 2 whitening products may cause collateral oxidative tissue damage following in office application. These effects are suggested to be concentration-dependent nonetheless, to date, there are no reports on H 2O 2-mediated oxidative damage in the gingival tissue, and neither whether this can be detected in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples. It was concluded that the bleaching technique using the 10% hydrogen peroxide system was effective in a short period of time without tooth sensitivity during applications.Hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2)-based products are effective in tooth whitening however, their safety is controversial as they may harm patient tissues/cells. No tooth sensitivity was observed in any patients. There was no significant difference between the mean color values observed in the immediate time and in the analysis at six months ( P = 0.474). It was verified that the original mean color values observed at the baseline analysis differed significantly from those observed immediately after bleaching, as well as from those seen in the analysis at six months ( P = 0.001). The results were analyzed using the Friedman Test (nonparametric repeated measures ANOVA) at a level of 5%, and Dunn's Multiple Comparison Test at the level of 5%. All whitening applications were done in office and under the supervision of a dental professional. Tooth sensitivity was evaluated during the daily gel applications. For maxillary incisors and canines, the color change was visually evaluated with the Vita color scale before, immediately, and six months after the treatment. The patients used the whitening system once a day for 60 minutes during the 8-day study. The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate tooth color change and dental sensitivity after exposure to preloaded film containing a 10% hydrogen peroxide whitening system (Opalescence Trθswhite Supreme).Ī total of 13 volunteers, aged 18 to 25 years, participated in this study. The possibility of bleaching vital teeth with peroxide-based products considerably revolutionized esthetic dentistry.
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